A liquid cultures system under a bioreactor micropropagation system is of significant importance to increase the multiplication rates of in vitro-produced shoots.

In vitro propagation can multiply plants much faster than conventional methods. Conventional vegetative propagation, although it produces true-to-type plants, is not economically viable. Being heterozygous, lingonberries cannot preserve genetic characteristics through seed propagation.

Г–hrvik V, Mattisson I, Staffas A, Strandler HS (2011) BГ¤r вЂ“ analys av nГ¤ringsГ¤mnen.Lingonberry ( Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.) is a health-promoting small fruit crop rich in antioxidant metabolites that helps to reduce the incidence of degenerative diseases.

ITIS ( Integrated Taxonomic Information System),.

(2016) Lingonberries alter the gut microbiota and prevent low-grade inflammation in high-fat diet fed mice.

Heyman-LindГ©n L, Kotowska D, Sand E, et al.

Heidenreich C (2010) THE LOWDOWN ON LINGONBERRIES.

Dinstel RR, Cascio J, Koukel S (2013) The antioxidant level of AlaskaвЂ™s wild berries: high, higher and highest.

It can be used in many way s to add colour and greenery both outdoors and indoors, but most common is perhaps to make wreaths. It is an evergreen shrub, so its beautiful shiny dark green leaves s urvive all winter when most other plants lose their leaves. There are some cultivars produced, including the four Swedish varieties Sanna, Sussi, Ida, and Linnea but there is no large-scale cultivation.Дuring the winter months, and especially during Advent and Chr istmas, lingonberries have been used as decoration. Lingonberries have traditionally been collected from the wild and this is still mainly the case today. Lingonberries have in fact been used for a wide range of disorders in traditional medicine, for example as an antiseptic and to treat scurvy. The berries also contain tannins, which can have an effect on urinary tract disorders, and like cranberries, lingonberries have traditionally been used to treat such disorders. T he vitamin C content might not be as high as is sometimes claimed, but studies suggest that lingonberries contain high levels of antioxidants compared to other berries and that it can limit the negative effects of eating high-fat food. Lingonberries contain many healthy compounds, such as antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals. Today it is extensively used in the modern Nordic kitchen, both in desserts and as a condiment to the main course. There is also a tradition to use it in desserts, for example in v ispipuuro (Finnish) / klappgrГ¶t (Swedish) which is a whipped semolina porridge, and also for lingonberry juice/beverages. In Sweden it is often used as a condiment to food and l ingonberry jam is traditionally served with meatballs, game, blood pudding, вЂњ kroppkakor вЂќ and вЂњ palt вЂќ.

It is a popular berry for making jams and contains pe c tin, which t h ickens the jam. Today lingonberries are generally eaten and pres erved with sugar. In Sweden lingonberries were often conserved as вЂњ vattlingon вЂќ (water lingonberries) simply by covering the berries w ith water in a clean bottle or jar. Before sugar became a c he a p commodity, lingonberries was added to other berry preserves to improve conservation. The berries have b een popular not only because of their deli cious sweet, sour and at the same time bitter taste but also because of their high level of benzoic acid, which is a natural compound that conserves products made with lingonberries. Traditionally the lingonberry has been used extensively by the people living in the regions where it is found, both in America and Eurasia. Previously the American lingonberry was often treated as a separate subspecies or variety but today this subdivision is not generally not recognized by taxonomists, and the lingonberry is regarded as one species across its large distribution area. In English the most common ones are lingonberry and cowberry and in the Nordic countries it is called lingon in Swedish, puolukka in Finnish, tyttebГ¦r in Norwegian and Danish, r auГ°berjalyng in Icelandic, but there are also some alternative names used locally. Vaccinium vitis-idaea has many different names. It survives very low winter temperatures (at least -40 Вє C) but is not well adapted to hot summers.

It occurs in the boreal forest and Arctic t undra of the Northern H emisphere and is most common under a forest canopy on dry, acidic and low nutrient soil s. Text: Anna PalmГ© The lingonberry is found across most of the Nordic region and has a circumpolar distri bution across Europe, Asia and North America.

Lingon beery